What is nail polish made of: chemical and acid composition for the nail plate

In the modern world, fashion plays a significant role for a girl or woman. Representatives of the fair sex want to look well-groomed and stylish. Carefully following the latest trends, both in clothing and cosmetics. Since the overall picture is made up of details, hands and nails play an important role in creating a fashionable image. In order to reduce the impact of chemicals on the nail plate, you need to know the components of the varnish. Choose brands that contain fewer harmful ingredients. According to generally accepted standards, nail coating includes four main components: solvent, polymer additives, plasticizers, and coloring pigments.

What does nail polish consist of - are there any chemical components and harmful substances?

The solvent helps distribute the remaining components of the varnish, creating a uniform, smooth consistency. After applying the varnish film, the solvents evaporate, which explains the pungent odor when drying. Separately, you can take out products that help remove cuticles at home. Many components will coincide, although they will ultimately have different effects. Searching for ideas for a fashionable manicure - drawings on nails with gel polish.

If the varnish has dried during long-term storage, do not dilute it with remover, this will disrupt the structure of the coating. Use a special factory thinner for this.

To minimize the time of this process, several solvents are usually used in one varnish:

Polymer additives in nail polish play the role of a foundation. Two substances belonging to this group are used in coatings: Formaldehyde resin and nitrocellulose. Together, they give glossy shine, hardness and reliable adhesion to the nail plate.

1. Ethyl acetate and butyl acetate are less toxic substances that create a viscous structure of the varnish and promote its drying on the surface of the nails.
2. Sterylalkonium bentonite - maintains color pigments in a suspended state and holds the structure of the varnish as a single whole.
3. Benzophenone-1, a component that absorbs ultraviolet light, which keeps the color unchanged.
4. Dimethicone optimizes the drying time of the varnish as much as possible.
5. Isopropyl alcohol neutralizes the explosion of nitrocellulose, which is part of varnishes, during transportation.
6. Ethyl alcohol dissolves all ingredients included in the composition.

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Formaldehyde resin should not be confused with formaldehyde. Today, formaldehyde is prohibited for use in this industry, as it is highly toxic and causes cancer.

Plasticizers give the molecules of the substance elasticity and the ability to resist stretching when the varnish is used on the nail plate . Strengthens the strength of the coating and extends its retention time without cracking. This component in the varnish is camphor. This article will help you evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of Refectocil eyebrow dye.

It is produced from camphor tree and other plants. But despite the naturalness of the product, it has a detrimental effect on the body, which is why many manufacturers refuse to use it. Do you like long, neat nails? Find out what is a good gel for nail extensions: reviews, opinions of masters and specialists.

Poor quality manufacturers include prohibited, toxic components in varnishes. The use of low-quality products can lead to various diseases and pathologies. Therefore, before purchasing, carefully study the label and read the composition.

Coloring pigments are used to give color to varnish. By combining natural and artificial dyes, you can achieve absolutely any shade and additional effect:

Sometimes glitter, crushed pearls, and metal dust are added to pigments.

1. Mica. Gives the effect of pearlescent color, is an ingredient of natural origin.
2. Titanium dioxide is used for white, as well as for adjusting the tone of other shades.
3. Bismuth oxychloride gives a pearlescent shine.
4. Silica keeps pigments evenly distributed, preventing them from settling.
5. Citric acid is a color regulator.

Gel, acrylic and polygel nails

Unfortunately, not everyone can boast of strong nails that do not break, even after reaching a considerable length. Therefore, acrylic was invented in the USA - a polymer composition for building and strengthening nail plates. Then the gel appeared, and later a new product was developed - polygel. How are they different?

Acrylic - dries without a lamp, but requires skill from the master

Acrylic consists of two components - a polymer in the form of powder and a liquid monomer. When they are combined, a soft, pliable material is formed, which hardens without a lamp. But it’s difficult for a master to work with it - if you hesitate, the acrylic will set and require serious adjustments, or even a complete redo.

But many masters prefer acrylic extensions. This material allows you to significantly increase the length of the nail plate, and many people like the resulting matte surface. Unlike gel, this composition does not flow and does not require the use of a lamp, which can be considered an advantage.

Gel – hardens under the lamp

The gels are based on two components - a liquid monomer and a gel-like oligomer. Without a lamp, these compositions do not harden, since they are light-curing, that is, they harden only under UV rays. This structure was created specifically to allow the master to finish the work calmly. The composition will not set on its own until the specialist wants it to and places the client’s nails under the lamp.

Unlike acrylic, which needs to be mixed, gel comes ready to apply. For a master, this option is preferable, since it is impossible to make a mistake by taking too much powder or liquid.

But there is a fly in the ointment in this barrel of honey - after setting and polymerization, the gel can decrease in size and deform the nail. Removing the gel coating is difficult - you have to file it off, risking damage to the nail plate. However, most artists still prefer predictable gel to setting acrylic.

In addition to the hard gel, a soft one is also available. It does not shrink and can be removed chemically. However, due to its softness, it is not used to lengthen the nail plate - it is only a strengthening option. A nail with a soft gel applied looks more natural than a hard one, which is why this composition is often called biogel. Unfortunately, many do not understand the meaning of the prefix “bio”, believing that it is something medicinal. In fact, the composition of biogel and regular gel is practically the same.

The opinion that biogel will make cracked or split nails healthy, cure fungus and other diseases is a misconception.

What types of nail gels are there?

Several types of gels are used in nail services:

• Basic (base) - liquid in a bottle with a brush. Their task is to adhere the gel layer to the nail plate.
• Modeling, creating the nail. They can be transparent or opaque, for example, white ones are used for French manicure.
• Finishing or finishing gels are applied on top to add gloss.
• Single-phase - combining all three options. They are at the same time basic, modeling and finishing. This combined option simplifies the process, but they will not be able to grow nails. Although it is quite suitable as a strengthening agent.
• Two-phase - simultaneously replacing modeling and finishing gel. A primer is used as a base - a substance that degreases, cleanses the nail plate and bonds it to the gel layer. Two-phase options are often used for gel polish.
• Three-phase - used for only one operation - basic, finishing or modeling.

In salons, they mainly use three- or two-phase modifications. Single-phase options are more often used by “home craftsmen” and novice artists who are just learning the basics of nail service.

Polygel - a new material for modeling

Polygel or acrylic is a new product in the world of beauty technologies. This composition does not spread like a gel and hardens only under a lamp. Therefore, the master can finish the manicure at a convenient pace, obtaining the desired result, and then dry everything. Clients also like acrylic because when dried in a lamp it does not cause burning or other unpleasant sensations, like a regular gel. Many people notice that acrylic looks more natural than even biogel, and at the same time makes it possible to grow nails to the desired length.

To work with this material you do not need to purchase any special tools. It hardens under a regular lamp and is corrected with the same files. Moreover, the masters note that the adjustment is much easier and faster. The only drawback of such funds is the high price. But over time, perhaps they will become more budget-friendly.

How to apply acrylic, gel and polygel

Let's look at this procedure using acrylic as an example. After cutting the cuticle and other preparatory measures, a primer is applied to the nail plate - a product that improves the adhesion of the polymer layers. A special form for extension is taken, which is bent and placed under the nail plate. You need to make sure that it goes beyond the corners of the nail, otherwise the dried gel will quickly break off. The shape is folded, connecting at the bottom and giving a natural bend. After this, the primer is reapplied.

Then the mixture of monomer and polymer is applied to the form and spread over the surface of the nail with a brush. This will allow you to achieve an even, natural result. There is no need to dry acrylic in a lamp - it hardens on its own. When the polymer dries, the form is carefully removed and the extended parts of the nail plate are bent using tweezers, giving a beautiful natural shape. You have to work quickly because the acrylic sets.

Gel and polygel are applied in the same way, only in this case a lamp is used for drying. Otherwise the coating will not harden. Although these compounds will not set on their own, there is no need to delay the work, especially when using a gel that tends to spread. After complete hardening, a decorative coating, such as gel polish, is applied to the nails.

Additional Ingredients

To give the varnish additional properties, manufacturers use some components in the composition. Instructions for Rocolor eyebrow and eyelash dye are presented here.

It can be:

1. Ceramides – improve nail growth and strengthen them.
2. Proteins protect the nail plate from brittleness and prevent splitting.
3. Essential oils, natural component. Contain vitamins, taking care of the health and strength of nails.
4. Vitamins, calcium, potassium, magnesium included in the varnish support the health of the nail.

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When buying varnish, do not grab the first color you like. Choose the shade that suits your skin tone, the shape of your nails and fingers, and matches your overall style.

Gel polish, compared to regular polish, is durable and can last on nails for 2-3 weeks. Such properties make it possible to create an original manicure, decorate your nails with all kinds of decorative elements, and create an unusual pattern. The perfect finishing touch to your makeup is a baked navel blush.

Application and drying does not take much time. They will add brightness and chic to a woman’s image and make her pay attention to her hands. It’s especially nice that the gel polish can withstand mechanical stress from the environment and at the same time protects the nails. To successfully fight dandruff, read the instructions for using Sebazol shampoo.

Types of nail polishes and features

Gel - varnishes

The key condition for applying gel polish is to alternate layers.
Apply the first layer very thin and wait until it dries completely. Apply the next layer a little thicker. Let all applied layers dry thoroughly. Otherwise, unwanted bubbles may appear. Two layers will be enough.

Advantages:

• thick coating for durability;
• fits perfectly;
• does not require a base coat;
• A one-time application of gel polish lasts for the whole week.

Flaws:

This system cannot be called fast. You won't be able to get a spectacular manicure half an hour before going out. So it would be preferable to paint your nails with this polish on the weekend, without rushing anywhere.

Modern manicure is strikingly different from the usual one not only in the type of varnishes and colors, but also in the technology itself, as well as in the “life” of such a coating. Find out the reasons why gel polish does not stick to your nails.

The basis of a home manicure is a lamp for drying nails. Find out from our article which UV lamp for nail extensions is better.

Having appreciated all the advantages of a home manicure, many of our contemporaries are beginning to master the technique of applying gel polish at home. What is included in the starter kit for a beginner master https://ilcosmetic.ru/uhod-za-nogtyami/manikyur/chto-nuzhno-dlya-pokrytiya-nogtej-gel-lakom.html

Metallic effect

To achieve even coverage, you will have to apply several layers.

Advantages:

• a comfortable brush that does not “hair” when applied;
• obediently applied;
• hides nail unevenness.

Flaws:

• washes poorly;
• rough to the touch after drying.

Previously, shellac was dried only with well-known ultraviolet lamps, but now their competitor has appeared on the market - ice lamps, which also deserve attention. Find out from our article how to choose an ice lamp for nails.

Silk effect

The coating resembles a sheet of silk with a certain inner glow. Silk effect varnish lasts two to three days.

Advantages:

• pleasant to the touch after drying;
• suitable for special occasions.

Flaws:

• One application is not enough for color saturation;
• relatively low durability.

Today, most girls do not want to visit salons and waste their time on manicures. But you can be beautiful even without leaving home, and vinylux weekly polish will help with this.

Watercolor

The beauty of watercolor varnish lies in the so-called “visual illusion”. You highlight the natural beauty of your “imperfect” nails. Meanwhile, people around you think that the shine on your nails is natural. Sometimes manufacturers supplement clear varnishes with some shade or gloss.

Advantages:

• ease of application from the first layer;
• Can be used as a base varnish for colored varnish;
• gloss and shine effect;
• protection from the negative influence of colored varnishes;
• adding richness to the natural color of the nails.

Huge home collections of varnishes cannot always be used in a timely manner, which is why some coatings become thick or dry out. Read more about how you can dilute nail polish.

Enamel

Enamel-colored varnishes are the brightest and most varied among other types of varnishes.
If you want to leave this polish on your nails longer, apply a sealer on top to make the color last longer.

Advantages:

• clear matte color;
• bright accent.

Flaws:

• extreme precision and accuracy during application;
• fragility of manicure.

Modern medicine effectively copes with nail fungus. What is the best antifungal nail polish to choose so that its effect is as effective as possible?

Watch the video: is varnish dangerous for health?

Chemical composition of gel polish - what it is made from

With all this, the composition of such varnishes is harmless:

1. The photoinitiator absorbs UV rays, its amount regulates the rate of drying of the film.
2. The film former promotes the strengthening, durability, and elasticity of the varnish coating. Able to protect it from exposure to chemicals used in everyday life.
3. Thinners are components that regulate the structure and quality of retention of the varnish plate on the nail. The ease of removal also depends on them.
4. Pigments give color. As with regular varnish, they can be natural or synthetic.
5. Silica holds pigments evenly, preventing them from settling at the bottom of the bottle.

A special feature of gel polishes is the ability to mix them with each other. This allows you to combine different colors, creating a unique pattern. Find out which dye is best for light brown ash hair color here.

Pay attention to the markings on the label. The abbreviation “big3free” means that the composition does not contain toluene, formaldehyde, dibutyl phthalate - dangerous, toxic substances. The symbolism of big5free indicates the absence, in addition to the three previous substances, of formaldehyde resins and camphor.

How to reduce the harm of gel polish on our body: expert advice, proven and safe brands

Manicure and pedicure experts share some recommendations that significantly reduce the possible harmful effects of shellac. And not only on the surface of the nails and skin, but also on the entire state of the body.

• It is prohibited to use varnish with a gel base for those who have cracks, fungus or any damage to the nail plate. It is also not recommended to apply gel polish to those whose nails are very flaking.
• You should take a course of medications or vitamins if your nails have a dull and faded appearance.
• It is advisable to enrich the cuticle with nourishing oils, because they contain quite a lot of vitamin components. And this helps nourish the nail itself.
• It is necessary to systematically cover your nails with a colorless nourishing varnish, which can be purchased at any pharmacy or specialty store. Take a break from gel polish at least once every six months.
• To ensure that wonderful and well-groomed nails are always neat and elegant, you should choose only a professional and certified nail technician. If you are practicing or planning to apply the gel yourself, then study each step.
• If you use dark colors, apply a thicker layer of base. This will prevent the plate from staining.
• Do not remove polish with acetone. Prolonged contact has a detrimental effect on nails.
• Be sure to pay due attention to the varnishes themselves. They must be of high quality and not have the harmful additives that we wrote about above.

Once every six months, take a break and apply colorless varnish.
We also offer you a list of harmless gel polishes

• The well-known brand Kodi contains natural oils that have a beneficial effect on our nails. But this company is loved by users for its rubber base, which allows air to pass through and allows them to breathe.
• Ibd varnishes also feature natural ingredients and a complete absence of harmful additives. Moreover, the opaque bottle also protects the contents from ultraviolet rays. Just keep in mind that this all concerns the original, and not the Chinese analogue.
• Entily brand has already firmly established itself as a durable coating that reliably protects against chips. Moreover, it contains olive and argan oils. And they even additionally nourish the nails. By the way, some varnishes from this company also include natural mica, which more saturates the color and adds a pearlescent touch.
• Irisk varnishes are considered a hypoallergenic product. They do not contain harmful additives. But there are various oils for nourishing the nail, which even help with delamination. By the way, these varnishes also stand out for their quick-drying properties.
• Gels from InGarden can be safely used even for problematic nails that flake or often break. After all, natural resins, silicones and nutritional components will help take care of your nails.
• And it is also worth highlighting the Axxium OPI , which contains natural substances. But most of all I liked it because there was no need to cut off the top layer of the plate. And this is another plus for strengthening nails.

Choose only a trusted company

Should I use nail polishes, how to choose the right one

A real lady cannot imagine life without makeup. Manicure has become a mandatory addition to image and style. This article will help you analyze in detail the composition of hair dye.

When choosing a varnish, you need to pay attention to the composition of its components. You shouldn’t succumb to fleeting weakness just because you like the color:

• Pay attention to the content of essential oils, they will fill you with vitamins and strengthen your nails.
• Poor quality products can destroy the nail plate, making it brittle and split.
• When painting your nails, ventilate the room; evaporating substances can harm your health.
• To protect your nails from chemicals, use a base coat.

Cost – 350 rub.

Negative consequences and harm of gel polish from continuous and constant wearing

Even simple nail polish is not recommended for daily use. It is very easy to guess that constantly wearing a chemical covering has its negative consequences. The reason for this is the limited amount of oxygen that reaches the nail plate. Also, due to prolonged use of shellac, the function of the upper protective layer is impaired. If you don't give your nails a break, you may encounter the following troubles:

• delamination as a result of frequent cutting of the top layer;
• and this will lead to fragility;
• depletion of the nail itself;
• that will express itself through dullness;
• and even yellowing;
• cracks may appear;
• and even possible curvature of the nail plate.

Important: This may also be the reason for the poor quality of the gel polish itself. For this reason, you need to use only high quality products and periodically give your nails a rest.

Constantly wearing it can negatively affect the health of your nails.

What is the difference between gel, gel polish and gel paint?

The specifics of working with the material depend on the combination of the above characteristics. We will describe the specific differences between gel and gel polish, as well as the differences between gel paint.

Gel

• Hard, non-elastic material. Retains the shape acquired during polymerization all the time it is worn.
• Insoluble. It can be removed by sawing off with a saw or cutter.
• It chips in a thin layer, it needs to be laid out with additional volume.
• Used for building, strengthening, repairing.

Gel polish

• Elastic material. Does not hold the given shape and length, wrinkles and deforms during wear.
• Soluble in acetone. Removable by both sawing and soaking.
• It peels off in a thick layer, it needs to be applied in a thin layer.
• Used for color coating of nails. Not used for extensions and repairs.

Gel paint

• Solid material unless otherwise specified.
• Generally insoluble material.
• If you apply it too thickly, it won't dry out due to the dense pigmentation. If you apply it too thin, it chips in the sock.
• Used for drawings, designs. Not for full coverage of natural, non-strengthened nails. Not used for extensions and repairs.

General Tips

• To prevent the appearance of yellow nails, choose a varnish that does not contain natural nitrocellulose; the best choice would be its analogue made from synthetic materials;
• If your body is susceptible to allergic reactions, choose those varnishes that do not contain formaldehyde in any form - it causes allergies;
• Do not dilute varnishes with acetone! It's harmful to nails! If your favorite polish has dried out, then buy a modern Thinner product. It is specially produced precisely for these purposes, your varnish will come to life without tragic consequences!

If you want to have beautiful and healthy nails, pay attention to the label; it should indicate the full composition of the nail polish.

All about gel polish: how to remove

For this purpose, specialized products are used. We wet a cotton pad with it and apply it to the plate. Then wrap your finger in foil to prevent premature evaporation of the liquid. The procedure takes no more than 25 minutes. The duration depends on how long the manicure was worn. When the layer becomes film-like and rises, it can be easily removed with an orange stick.

Pedicure with shellac

The process is in many ways similar to that already described above. Here is a brief algorithm of actions:

• remove the cuticle;
• polish the nails for more effective adhesion;
• degrease and remove debris;
• apply bondex for uniform coverage;
• place a thin base plate;
• dry in a lamp;
• we do color design;
• Dry each layer for 2 minutes;
• leave the “top” more tightly and wait for it to dry again in the device;
• We treat each nail with a degreaser.

How to recognize a good varnish

There are few signs here:

• firstly, the liquid must be homogeneous and not separate;
• secondly, there should be no unpleasant odor;
• thirdly, the consistency of the liquid should stretch behind the brush and not drip from it; fourthly, during long-term storage the varnish should thicken, but not dry out;
• and lastly: again, during storage, no sediment should form.

Is gel nail polish harmful: reviews

Olga, 28 years old : “I’ve been wearing gel coating for a very long time; I haven’t taken it off at all for a couple of years. Maybe 3 or even 4 years. But I never noticed any yellowing or dullness. Perhaps this is the result of the right choice of a master and high-quality varnishes. But still, I recommend the use of shellac to absolutely everyone. After all, it’s quite practical, convenient and no less beautiful.”

Valentina, 34 years old: “I had quite a lot of attempts to apply gel polish to my nails, but unfortunately, they all turned out to be disastrous. After a beautiful manicure, which deteriorated after a few days or at most a week, all that was left were yellowed, brittle, thin and dull nails. And how much time, money and effort I spent on their treatment!”

Bogdana, 29 years old: “I constantly use gel polishes. Well, what would we do without them? It is very beautiful, convenient and, very importantly, quite long lasting. After removing the old foundation and before applying a new one, I try to take at least a few days break. Because after probably a year, I began to notice that my nails had turned yellow and became quite dull. Now the situation has improved.”

Alexandra, 24 years old: “I do it for others and for myself. The clients are happy, and I'm not complaining. I use only high quality varnishes, most often from Kodi. All the girls have beautiful nails, and the gel coating strengthens them well. No delamination, fragility or other negative consequences.”

Reviews about the dangers of gel polish are a little ambiguous, because a lot depends on the artist, the varnishes themselves and your nails

A doctor's opinion on the use of gel-based varnish

Lyubavin Alexey Vladimirovich , 12 years of experience in dermatology: “The main problem lies in filing away the top glossy layer. Inexperienced craftsmen quite often saw through the required amount. As a result, the integrity of the nail plate is destroyed and becomes susceptible to various types of bacteria and infections. Which is fraught with inflammation and infection. And add to everything drying chemicals that deprive the nails of normal breathing, and ultraviolet rays.”

As you can see, there is harm from gel polish and this is an indisputable fact. But the most important thing is to follow all recommendations for applying such a product. And don’t forget to take breaks to saturate your nails with vitamins and strengthening elements. Gel polish will help make your hands well-groomed and neat, but a manicure will only look like this on healthy nails.